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The convolution of two data sets is a general process that can be used for various types of data smoothing, signal processing, or edge detection. It's main purpose is to include the effect of system response on a signal.
Convolution in Origin...
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Click on the image to see a full example
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You can open the dialog of this tool by selecting Analysis: Signal Processing: FFT: Convolution from the main menu.

Both linear convolution and circular deconvolution are supported. You can choose a convolution type according to the nature of the input signals.
It is not neccesary to pad the signal data manually. Padding is carried out by Origin according to the convolution type to avoid possible artifacts from the FFT (performed as part of the convolution process).
In addition, the convolution tool in Origin provides options to wrap and/or normalize the response before the convolution is performed.
View an example...
Note that Origin includes the ability to automatically recalculate the analysis results of the convolution operation any time you change the parameters or update your source data. In addition, the settings for this analysis routine can be saved to an analysis theme for use later with similar data.
You may wish to also read about Origin's Deconvolution